Greek Tragedy Essay

Art and literature has existed throughout time to represent and express cultural values, ideals and perceptions. It often portrays the forces that push one’s particular culture onward, mentally stimulating and expanding individual mind and thought. In ancient Greek culture, Art and Literature is combined in a way that represented all of these things to its people. This combination is what we know as ancient Greek Theater, an art of drama and song, with the structure of â€Å"spoken portions interlaced with choral lyrics, all concerned with man’s fate. â€Å"1 Greek tragedy is credited to have developed around 534 B. C when the Greek Thespis created drama in which a main actor conversed with the leader of the chorus (this is where the term â€Å"thespian† originated, it has been used to describe an actor since the early 19th century). 2 Aeschylus, the first of the great 3 tragic poets, added a second actor to his plays and had a chorus of around 12. Sophocles, the second of the great poets, added the third actor and increased the chorus to 15 members. Sophocles is considered to model Greek tragedy, with Aeschylus marking the preparation and Eudripidies the decline. 3 These plays where preformed at Festivals in open-air theaters in which poets competed for prizes. It is widely accepted that these festivals where religious, and honored the Greek god Dionysius (God of Wine). All plays where developed around well-known ancient Greek myth, it was the Poets job to develop character and deepen plot. Each festival included 3 tragic poets to present a â€Å"tetrology. â€Å"(A group of 4 plays) which consisted of 3 tragedies and one satyr. 4 Each play would include anywhere from two to four actors, and an assembly of 12-15 choral members. It was each actor’s responsibility to display the plot through speech, however they where also responsible for singing solos. The chorus was an important tool in Greek tragedy as they commented on each scene and proposed subtleties to the audience, their song also heightened the emotion and atmosphere of the play. 5 Aristotle’s â€Å"Poetics† is considered the most valuable source of guidance for Greek tragedy. Aristotle defines tragedy as † a drama which concerned better than average people (hero’s, kings, gods) who suffer a transition from good fortune to bad fortune and who speak in an elevated language. † 6 It is also defined as † a literary composition written to be preformed by actors in which a central character, called the tragic protagonist or hero, suffers some serious misfortune which is significant in that the misfortune is logically connected with the hero’s actions. â€Å"7 The hero is often host to some â€Å"tragic flaw† (hermatia) for which he himself is responsible, and which leads to his eventual downfall. However, Aristotle describes this tragic flaw to lead to a mistake in which the Protagonist is not aware. The hero’s destruction is often due to his self-ignorance. It is important to understand what Aristotle believes is the purpose for Greek tragedy in order to completely understand some of its main aspects. In Aristotle’s opinion, one of the marks of great tragedy is its ability to create a Cartharsis, the act of purging the soul of â€Å"fear and pity. â€Å"8 Through creating a complex protagonist, a character who is seen as a great man, or â€Å"hero†, the audience in turn creates respect. Through this character’s tragic flaw, and ignorance to his actions, the audience is drawn and starts to pitty the hero. The audience imagines themselves in the hero’s situation, and although they know the outcome of the story (as all Greek tragedy is bases on well-known Greek myth) they suspensefuly await the hero’s reaction to his fate. So this â€Å"purging† allows the audience to shed excess fear, refreshing their conscience so that it can exist in a healthy balance. Aristotle theorized that â€Å"tragedy is rooted in the fundamental order of the universe. â€Å"9 Tragedy is a worse case scenario, which describes the possible effects of simple probability. It creates a â€Å"cause-and-effect chain† in which any individual can envision themselves as part of. We can now understand the importance of certain aspects of the tragic hero’s character and his responsibility to uphold the plot. â€Å"A hero, in the Greek sense, is a man who by his extraordinary career has pushed back the horizons of what is possible for humanity and is then deemed worthy of commendation after his death. â€Å"10 As we know, this hero is not flawless. However, it is important to realise that in what Aristotle values as good tragedy, these flaws often contribute to the very virtues which allow our protagonist to become a hero in the first place. In other words, tragic irony is implicated, and it is the same incidents and qualities of a man which catapult him to hero stature as those which drag him down. Tragedy is concerned with the fate of â€Å"big men. â€Å"11 Aristotle believed that Sophocles’, â€Å"Oedipus Rex† was the perfect tragedy. Why was Oedipus Rex in effect the perfect tragic hero? Oedipus was a great man and King of Thebes. He was self righteous, hasty and suspicious of his friends, but we also see that if it where not for these qualities Oedipus would not have continued with his inquiries. His heroic nature is magnified in his persistence for the truth despite the fact that it became quite obvious that gaining further knowledge would end in disaster and self-destruction. 12 Peripeteia is when a character produces â€Å"an effect opposite to that which he intended to produce. † 13Aristotle firmly believed that all good tragedy proposed some peripeteia within its plot. This is perfectly represented within â€Å"Oedipus Rex. † Oedipus promises his people that he will find the root of the plague that gripped his kingdom. In ancient Greek times, it was believed that illness and plague where signs from the gods that they where upset or a crime against their godly standards had been committed. So as any noble hero would do, Oedipus sets out on a quest for this knowledge. He soon discovers that the murder of Thebe’s prior king, Laius, is the root off his city’s pollution. He vows to discover the murderer, and sets the punishment of death or banishment to whomever was found guilty. This was his intention. We can also see again that Oedipus is a noble hero, as he is a king and he is willing to go to any ends for his people. These traits would have invoked feelings of respect in the minds of the audience. As Oedipus discovers more information, he draws nearer to the conclusion that it is possible that through self-blindness and ignorance, Oedipus himself is the likely murderer of Laius. Through this step in the play we see that again Oedipus carries the qualities of a tragic hero; his murdering of Laius was due to his self-arrogance and lack of knowledge that the man who he was killing was of high status. This murder was indeed due to Oedipus’s tragic flaw of Hubris (‘arrogant disregard for the rights of others’, or â€Å"overbearing pride or presumption† 14) but he was unaware of the consequences and the murder was quite spontaneous. Oedipus continues to search for the truth despite his possible self-guilt, as he states that he must be sure that he is indeed Leuis’s murderer. This, according to human standards, Oedipus not only behaved well in this situation, but he is known to have â€Å"asserted the dignity of manhood. † Alas, more investigation does lead to his definite guilt, and also leads to what is known as an â€Å"Agagnorisis,† or a † change from ignorance to knowledge. â€Å"15 Oedipus had not been born heir to the throne of Thebes. After learning of a prophecy that he would one-day murder his father and marry his mother, he ran away from his ‘parents’ to escape this fate. He had arrived in Thebes just after the time of Laius’s death. A sphinx was afflicting the city at the time, and he defeated it, there-for winning the admiration of the Thebans and stealing the heart of newly widowed queen, Jocasta. Their marriage was nearly instant, and they lived in happiness for some years and produced a number of children. So it was at this â€Å"agagnorisis† when Oedipus learnt that he had been adopted, and that Laius had been his father, and Jocasta his mother. They had discarded him apon a hill after hearing the very same prophocy, hoping they too could escape their fate. This unraveling of the plot is called the â€Å"lusis. â€Å"16 This is where the Peripeteia is for filled. Although Oedipus had always intended to catch and punish the murderer of Leius, he in no way intended that it would be himself who was responsible. This is also ironic in the sense that twice he had unknowingly set the path for his own destruction. Another form of Greek tragedy is the decision that the tragic hero must face once he has reached his agagnorisis. 17 Oedipus had a choice, to continue to live in sin with his mother/wife and perpetuate the slow destruction of Thebes, or to uphold the little dignity he had left, finally accept his fate and finalize the promises he made to his people. Oedipus chooses to do what any hero would do, accept responsibility for his actions and punish himself as he promised to do in the beginning of the play. The knowledge of his sin against his father and mother causes him to blind himself, as he could not bear to look upon the world any longer. This fact again adds irony to the story, as when Oedipus was able to see physically, he was still blind to his past and the consequences of his actions. Through his blinding, he was self-knowing, and he had for the first time accepted his fate. He left Thebes as a blind beggar. Although in some respects Oedipus is now seen as no longer a hero, the audience would have respected his final decisions, and in some way he had corrected his moral flaw through his self-punishment. We can now question the belief of fate and pre-determination. Greek tragedy did indeed deal with the role of the gods in mortal life and to the extend that mortals controlled their actions. Oedipus was responsible for his deeds, as it was by no accident that Laius died, and Oedipus did have a tragic flaw, which led to this murder. But we can also examine the fact that a prophecy existed which laid out the steps that Oedipus would take through out his life. If it where not for Oedipus’s knowledge of this prophecy, would he have ever left his home in Corinth, would he have ever murdered Laius, and married his mother? Or we can look even further into Oedipus’s past; if Jocasta and Leius had not known of this prophecy, they would never had abandoned Oedipus, and perhaps he would never had committed the sins which it seems he was destined to commit. So again we see a cause and effect chain, knowledge leading to ignorance, ignorance in turn leading to knowledge, blindness to sight, sight to blindness. It is also argued that it was the individual’s attempt to escape their fate which was the true crime against the gods. It is at this point we can see how the Cultural Revolution, known as ‘The Greek Enlightenment’, effected these drama’s. It was from this new atmosphere of questioning and individualism in which man started to question the meaning of life beyond the restraints of ‘God rules man. ‘ And not only did Greek tragedy come to question the gods, it also questioned what it meant to be human. 18 1 The Complete Plays of Sophocles. 2 http://www. stemnet. nf. ca/~hblake/tragedy1. html 3 http://www. classics. cam. ac. uk/Faculty/tragedy. html 4 www.depthame. brooklyn. cuny. edu 5 15 Greek Plays 6 The Complete Plays of Sophocles 7 www. depthame. brooklyn. cuny. edu 8 9 www. cnr. edu/home/bmcmanus/poetics. html 10 The Complete Plays of Sophocles. 11 The Complete Plays of Sophocles 12 The Complete Plays of Sophocles 13 www. depthame. brooklyn. cuny. edu 12 American Heritage dictionary 15 www. cnr. edu/home/bmcmanus/poetics. html 16 www. cnr. edu/home/bmcmanus/poetics. html 17 http://www. stemnet. nf. ca/~hblake/tragedy1. html 18 http://www. stemnet. nf. ca/~hblake/tragedy1. html.

Near The School For Handicapped Children Essay Essay

In the poem, ‘near the school for handicapped children’ by Thomas Shapcott a man and his daughter are passing by a local school for handicapped children and come across a handicapped boy from a distance. In stanza one, the poet (Thomas Shapcott) describes the boy physically. In stanza two and three, he is still describing the boy, but also telling us how he feels about seeing him and how he compares himself to the boy while watching him. In the final stanza, he describes how the boy is happy and leaves the people who are watching him behind. Within the first stanza, as stated before, the Poet describes the handicapped boy physically. In the line â€Å"his shirt jerks at his body† the author uses an affective idea of personification, giving the boy’s shirt human characteristics. By using this structure, the poem becomes more descriptive and hooks the reader in; making them want to read more. By writing the physical properties of the boy, the poet has written this stanza in third person, for example; his hat, his shirt and his feet. In the second stanza, the writer is still describing the boy, but leading his appearance back to himself, and using his own physical properties in comparison to the boy’s. We can see this in the lines; â€Å"his limbs remind me of how straight/is my own spine and that I take/my fingers for granted† he then says â€Å"he is waiting for the green light† this is the first direct action that the Poet gives us. The other actions he has used previously have all been impressions, where he has given us clues to puzzle together ourselves, to make a vivid image in our mind. Whereas in this line, he tells us what the boy is doing directly. Stanza three is a little different to stanzas 1 and 2 because it is written in first person. This is recognized because of the way the writer has written â€Å"MY fingers, I am hurt, I fear MY, I’M, grasps ME† These are all examples of first person the author has used. Another big factor of this stanza is the emotion and technical vocabulary â€Å"I am hurt by my wholeness† is a great example because it makes you feel sympathetic towards the boy’s disadvantages. Another great example within the text is â€Å"his struggle rasps me like a whisper† Stanza four has a complete change in the whole poem. It is nothing alike to the other stanzas, and the poet tries to show you how the handicapped boy is still happy, no matter how different he is or how many problems his world has, he dances and skips away, no matter how many people stare or what anybody else thinks. A good strategy the author has used here is repetition. In the line â€Å"he skips he dances and skips† he uses the word skips over and over again for affect. He also uses a simile for a finish. â€Å"Like a skimming tambourine brittle with music† Overall, the descriptive poem â€Å"Near the school for handicapped children† By Thomas Shapcott has been written informatively and gives you a real impression on real life issues for some people. I highly recommend this poem to anyone who will enjoy it, as I really did. By Bo Jacobsen

A Bathing ape

This assessment is aiming to outline the marketing strategies of the â€Å"A Bathing Ape† company from several viewpoints. A Bathing Ape Company, which formed and took off in Japan, they manufacture a mixture of products and service on a global scale. Nigo, a Japanese DJ founded the company in 1993. The brand popularity was one of main purpose of their success, even though they have a high pricing policy. However, their supplies are not equal to their demands their customers desired product and their production is limited. Therefore the buyer has to be fast in deciding if he wants the product before it goes out of stock. A Bathing Ape targets the hip hop and fashion scene (Rocherfort). This scarce amount of manufacturing gives the customers a uniqueness feeling, which leads to a high customer satisfaction. There will be further detailed information on the company’s marketing policies afterwards in the report. This project has been done by a group five student for the module â€Å"Principles of Marketing† and it is based on the marketing tactic of 4 Ps. There have been a number of research strategies such as online sources, observation, articles, interviewing a store manager, and sources from the university library. The report and its allied presentation are due on Monday 22nd of November 2010. Company history There are 19 stores in Japan. The other three countries are Hong Kong, London, Paris, and New York, which will be mentioned about more. A Bathing Ape clothing is produced in limited amounts as they are very exclusive and this enables the company to set their price higher than other brands. Many well-known celebrities such as Lil Wayne, Pharrell Williams, Jay Z, Kid Cudi, and Robbie Williams collaborate with A Bathing Ape marketing strategies (Hall, 2005). The business also manufactures shoes and clothing as well as accessories and toys. These products are manufactured and distributed only by A Bathing Ape and their â€Å"Busy Works† stores around the world. Their exclusivity and celebrity endorsements have been profitable for the brand. People use A Bathing Ape products to their advantage as their constantly changes their products in stores, which makes consumers trade A Bathing Ape products. Kid Cudi (the rapper) used to work at A Bathing Ape store in New York until he made it big in the hip-hop industry. Kid Cudi now has teamed up with Nigo and they use Kid Cudis fame to their marketing advantage. They also release special edition t-shirts at these events. The A Bathing Ape Company also operates Bape Hair Salon and they have cafes known as â€Å"Bape!? † They also have futuristic designed shops with designed glass displays and gives technological shopping experiences. A Bathing Ape was one of the first companies to introduce Kevlar clothing into urban wear as a product. Nigo’s designs foreshadowed the urban hip-hop style that has come to prevail as a dominant youth fashion in Japan. A Bathing Apes product, place, price and promotion will be discussed more in depth. Product The Bathing Ape brand has a wide range of unique products. A Bathing Ape makes products such as toys, jeans, bags, monogrammed condoms, Iphone cases, underwear, watches, t-shirts, polo’s and shoes. A Bathing Ape sets their prices high as there products can be limited and traded. Nigo has designed most of the company’s products. A Bathing Ape clothing is well recognized because of its flashy designs and original artwork. The company also has unique packaging for their products. They introduced the Tee Box, which is a glass metal box which polo shirts come in and have other t shirts in free hanging boxes. A Bathing Ape always collaborates with other brands to combine products. Some companies that A Bathing Ape has collaborated with is Pepsi, M*A*C, and Carhartt. The logo and theme were derived from the original movie â€Å"Planet of the Apes. † A Bathing Apes logo can be found on all of their products. As A Bathing Ape offers the market a wide range of products such as dog clothing to sunglasses it can attract a large market. Nigo labeled â€Å"Ape Shall Never Kill Ape† on most of his products when he was first becoming recognized. Nigo gave his products to famous Japanese artist to wear during their performances to increase the brands exposure. What makes A Bathing Apes products so valuable is that they don’t mass-produce like other companies. A Bathing Ape does not only offer products to the market but services as well. The business operates Bape Cafes, Bape Galleries, Bape Cuts (Hair salon) and they even have Bape TV as well as a record label. A Bathing Ape is known for their camouflage designs as it their classic pattern. The company’s products first began appearing on the back streets of Tokyo’s edgy neighborhood (Pollock, 2008). Place The Bathing Apes stores are located globally . Because it is a high- end brand their stores need to be located in famous central areas. For example London’s Carnaby Street is known for its unique and limited edition clothing. Further these popular areas have brands such as Adidas placed there, with their limited edition stores, as do many other brands. The London store is nothing compared to the interior decor that the other stores use to attract customers. Aoyama the A Bathing Ape store in Japan has very technological designs. Shoes are placed behind a glass cage on a rotating conveyer belt and t-shirts come down tubes with just the push of a button. The emphasis of changing lights and colorful designed clothes attract their customers. A Bathing Ape store also provides their staff with A Bathing Ape clothing to wear while they work. This similar strategy is used by many other brands such as Hollister, Abercrombie and Fitch, and Polo. The Hong Kong Bape store is the largest Nigo owns its 2 levels high and located in the centre of the city. The store has huge pictures of Nigo and A Bathing Ape characters to advertise their brand. The company store De Colette in Paris is the only store that features individual areas for other brands such as Billionaire Boys Club and Ice Cream. De Colette also has a unique designed cafe, which adds to the A Bathing Ape shopping experience. The store in New York uses the same concept as the other stores. Promotion A Bathing Apes style of promotion is very distinctive to other clothing brands as they do not want to tarnish their brand image they never lower the price of their clothing or have sales. The brand knows that many of their products the demand exceeds the supply greatly and they use this to their advantage for example A Bathing Ape shark hoodies were sold for ? 300 but once they were immediately sold out people were reportedly paying into the thousands for them. The main way in which A Bathing Ape promotes its self without tarnishing the brand image is smart they collaborate with other brands such as Adidas on some pairs of limited edition sneakers. A Bathing Ape does promotions like this all the time with many other well-known brands such as Carhartt. By doing these type of promotions they get a lot of publicity as well as more outside interest in their brand and still charge more than their usual price. A Bathing Ape also collaborate with many well-known celebrities such as Kanye West, Kid Cudi and Ian brown on selected items, which would be made even more limited edition. When A Bathing Ape produce all of these items they will make sure they get every detail of their design even into their packaging for example the A Bathing Ape x Marvel sneakers are packed into toy like packaging which makes the product stand out on shelves and look unique. A Bathing Ape is a company which has products on sale which are constantly a promotional products such as during the summer they released A Bathing Ape x Birkenstocks which where A Bathing Ape monogrammed Birkenstock sandals this would be just one of their summer collaborations. By collaborating with brands like Adidas and Birkenstock who already have a large customer base this would attract a lot of attention to the bathing ape brand. With promotions like these help both of the brands market their products for example when A Bathing Ape teamed up with Casio and re designed the classic G-shock watch, which was a top seller during the 90’s era. The watches were first released in ceramic white and mate black they turned out to be top sellers and only 1500 of each were produced many people wanted to get their hands on one of these watches because they were on the front page of magazines and constantly in music videos. Not long after the replica market noticed the demand for A Bathing Ape goods and started producing the replicas of the watches so that most of the public were able to obtain a replica. A Bathing Ape mainly relies on hip-hop celebrities to market their brand via music videos and in their lyrics. They are not just targeting a stereotype they are targeting a lifestyle. Price A Bathing Ape has an effective pricing policy that runs throughout all their stores. The company uses the same pricing range for their product globally. A Bathing Ape does not have discounts on their products making them all valuable. Additionally they do not have wholesale and seasonal pricing. They also keep their exclusivity by not dealing with retail stores. Another good aspect of the A Bathing Ape’s pricing method is that they offer Bape cards in which customers can earn credit points by purchasing products. This also is beneficial to the company as they can study shopping patterns to see which products are in demand. Their limited edition products never depreciate in value which mean even the used good may value more expensive that the brand new of the same products. For instant, because of their limited edition production policy, a used pair of shoes would cost more when it is out of stock. Conclusion: To conclude, the four P’s of the marketing mix play a huge role in the success of A Bathing Ape. The company produces and sells a wide variety of products that attract most target markets. They sell products from t-shirts, jeans and shoes to toys and pencil cases to watches. All of the products the company produces are limited edition so they run out quickly. This technique makes the customers go to the store as quickly as possible and buy the product they want as soon as it comes out into stores. The company also promotes its brand name by making deals with huge multinational corporations such as Pepsi. The prices of A Bathing Ape’s products are the same in every single country that they have stores in. The company doesn’t usually have discounts or sales in specific stores. The prices of the products always remain the same no matter what part of the year it is. A Bathing Ape has stores in many countries around the world including Japan, Hong Kong, United Kingdom and the United States. The locations of the company’s stores are in the very urban parts of the city, especially within large shopping centers.

History Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

History - Assignment Example 1. Totalitarian State: Totalitarian state is the government which holds a strict control over the citizens of the state and monitors all aspects of their life giving them very less freedom. In such a form of government people possess less freedom to act by themselves and they put them in a condition of suffering and suffocation. 2. Mein Kampf & Lebensraum :Mein Kampf is the book written By Adolph Hitler in which he describes about the German’s need for Lebensraum .Lebensraum Means habitat or space for living and the raw materials needed for life. 3. Shutzstaffel/the S.S. : S.S or Shutzstaffel was a group of people who was formed to protect the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, and in other terms it was a unit of personal guards to secure him from danger. This Unit was found in 1925 under the leadership of Heinrich Himmler and this guards were infamous for their atrocities as they work for the worst dictator the world have ever seen called Adolf Hitler. 4. Battle of Midway & â€Å"island hopping† : Battle of Midway was a significant naval battle occurred during the World War II in June 1942.This battle took place in Central Pacific Island in Midway in which Japanese wanted to capture Midway region to attack US. While Island Hopping is the strategy used by US to move closer to Japan by hopping islands which was useful to them for war

Study Case Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Case Study Example The pursuit of innovation and efficiency led to operational excellence which was its competitive edge over rival companies. 2- Lincoln Electric’s vision was to be the world’s leading manufacturing company. The plan therefore was to produce high quality products at the lowest cost possible in order to transfer more value to its customer in terms of savings and to itself through increased sales volumes. The organization therefore adopted a flat structure to encourage communication and build trust between staff and other workers as well as guaranteeing job security in order for staff to be less resistant to change as need be. As a form of control the company used merit rating systems that analyzed individuals of four factors: dependability, quality, output, and ideas and cooperation. 3- James Lincoln believed that through competition and incentive every person could develop to his or her full potential (Fast and Berg 4). This assertion resembles the optimistic and positive view of workers advanced by McGregor’s Theory Y. Lincoln therefore believed that he had put in place the right environment (and cultural paradigm) that enabled workers be responsible, self-direct and be creative. Other policies that Lincoln instituted such as guaranteeing employment for workers and year-end bonuses pegged on merit ratings point towards Maslow’s theory. Guaranteeing employment allows workers to satisfy physiological needs and to some extent safety needs. The bonus incentives on the other hand allow workers to reach towards greater goals or to afford higher needs such as new car, home etc. which are esteem needs. 4- Belief in workers’ ability to self-manage; be creative; and institution of reward schemes that are not capped directly contributed to Lincoln’s dominating performance over its competitors for two reasons. Firstly, it kept staff motivated. Motivated staff increases productivity which increases returns. Secondly, employees stick around

Metabolic Syndrome Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Metabolic Syndrome - Assignment Example According to the symptoms displayed by the patient, he has a positive diagnosis of metabolic syndrome; evident from a high fasting blood glucose levels of 140. According to Brasher (2006), this entails a long period of insulin resistance and early postprandial hyperglycemia. Thus, this increases the risk factors for health problems in this case such as diabetes. In addition, insulin resistance is connected to overweight. In this case, the patient presents several risk factors for the condition. They include a large waistline, low HDL cholesterol level of 36, high blood pressure, and high fasting blood sugar of 140. However, additional questions are helpful in comprehending rationale of the disease process; as well as its clinical presentation. These questions include nutritional patterns, lifestyle (smoking), physical activities done, race, any changes in visual acuity or retinal abnormalities, delayed wound healing, any past or recent infections of the skin (for instance yeast skin rashes) and urinary tract infections. Physical examination aspects involve a comprehensive assessment so as to determine a diagnosis. Examples of physical examination entail the following: numbness or tingling sensation and decreased sensory of the feet, skin examination, and waistline measurement. Moreover, blood tests are vital in diagnosing this condition. Examples include collection of blood urea nitrogen has to be d one in proper evaluation of the kidney function, as well as triglyceride level examination (McCance and Huther, 2014). Proper management for this condition begins with prevention of the disease. Prevention will be based on directly influencing the development and reversal of insulin resistance and B-cell dysfunction. Metabolic syndrome is in the increase due to an elevation in obesity rates. In this case, the patient has experienced weight gain while in

Reorgnizaing Power in Indonesia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Reorgnizaing Power in Indonesia - Essay Example This essay describes the researchers conducted by Richard Robison himself on the topic of reorgnizaing power in Indonesia. In the first chapter Richard Robison presents the arrival of Soeharto at the head of Indonesia. Robison, quoting Hutchcroft, compares Indonesia’s Administrative Patrimonial State to the Philippines’ Patrimonial Oligarchy explaining that Indonesia had the capacity to implement social reforms as the Philippines did not, therefore giving a strong ground for economic growth. Soeharto decisions about economics were very accurate for Indonesia. Nevertheless, Indonesia did not become an organized liberal market because these advisers were only given specific tasks which even sometimes served other goals than healing the economic status. Robison, in the second chapter analyzed in the essay, presents the impact of the Asian financial crisis in Indonesia and its consequences to the economy. As an introduction, he expresses the confidence of the Indonesian eco nomic leaders and of the World’s financial institutions regarding the strength of the rupiah and the economy. In the third chapter Robison explains the reason of Soeharto’s decline. As he states, it is the Thailand baht crisis that precipitated his fall. The researcher then concluded that even if Soeharto manage by a mockery of election to remain at power in Indonesia, he was forced out of office in May 1998 as he was seen domestically and internationally as playing the leading role in Indonesian’s economic decline.

Effectiveness of sc 4-k program by county Research Paper

Effectiveness of sc 4-k program by county - Research Paper Example Despite of being costly the 4K kindergarten drawing away big amount of state fund it has several advantages. The more the money spends in the program, the better the outcomes for the children. Learners who go through this form of kindergarten education tend to perform better in their both elementary and secondary level of education1. This implies that this program has much impact on learning in south Caroline. This is because it prepares the learners adequately for further education. INTRODUCTION 4K kindergarten program in South Carolina was an implemented plan for the children with the age of four years. This program was implemented by Sc general assembly. The registration of the children was free to the children who were trusted to do well in various districts of South Carolina. On top of the offering the country’s public school districts in the beginning offer guardian the chance to enroll their children with more than a hundred private and public preschool providers in the country. In this program for a child to qualify, he/she must have the age of four years, clear with free or decreased price. He or she must live in the following district in the Country, Sumter, Union, Saluda, Marion, Lee, Saluda, Florence, and Dillon among many more. This program would be extended to a full day kindergarten country wide. The total cost of the implementation of the program was a hundred million dollars upon estimation. However, this amount is only enough for one year. In the year 2010-2011, an estimated amount of $94.2 million from public money and $35. 6 million from the state was injected in the program. The program is also facilitated by the district’ parents as well as by teachers in the (P.A.T) program. This is operated through the office of parenting and family services. It hires a full time parent educator and part time parent educators in partnership with Lexington country first steps. This program seems helpful to the child’s education, throu gh enhancing and encouraging education to the young toddlers the state is not able to cater for all the districts in the country. Due to this short coming, some districts in South Carolina have been left without the benefit. This means that they are lagging behind with the old fashion of education of plain elementally education or the primary schools. More benefits have been noted since the year 2006 which has been originating from the implemented program of 4K kindergarten. These benefits are discussed by the following essay. Research aims and objectives The main purpose of this study is to find out whether the implementation of the four-year-kindergarten program in schools can have any effect of the performance of students. The specific area of research is to find out whether the South Carolina elementary schools in school districts that have implemented the â€Å"4k† kindergarten perform better than the South Carolina elementary schools that have not implemented the progra m. The research question â€Å"Do South Carolina elementary schools in school districts that have implemented the â€Å"4k† kindergarten program perform better than those South Carolina elementary schools who have not received funding to implement this program? Literature review The 4k program is very vital for children development and success in academics. Different researches have documented the benefits of an early learning program for young children, the society and the community in large. According to these researches, it is very evident that nurturing environments with the best

A Wedding Ceremony and Theatre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Wedding Ceremony and Theatre - Essay Example This paper stresses that  theatre is an integral aspect of human life. From a broader perspective, theatre can be said to be everywhere around people. A wedding ceremony is an excellent example of a theatrical performance that the bride and the bridegroom perform unwittingly to the guests. At the same time, the guests to a wedding are an audience to the performance of the bride and the bridegroom, their respective family members, bridesmaids, priest, and groomsmen. In a wedding situation, there is meticulous planning prior to the actual ceremony. A wedding planning phase can be considered as a period when both the bride and bridegroom and their respective families go through the ‘script’ of the scheduled ‘performance’.  This essay discusses that  the bridegroom and the bride and their respective families send invitation cards to their close friends and kin. The wedding invitation cards, in a theatre scenario, symbolize ‘tickets’ of entry t o the ‘performance arena’ which in reality is the venue of the wedding ceremony. Critical perspectives of typical wedding ceremonies across societies around the world reflect some theatrical elements that include: uniforms or costumes, spectators and performers, and a ritualistic framework.  In the United States for instance, several factors such as culture, social norms, and culture forms the basis of the majority wedding ceremonies.  Before the wedding ceremony, most brides have ceremonies that are commonly identified as ‘bridal showers’.

Basic law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Basic law - Essay Example A substitution might be necessary if the court decided a litigation guardian did not act in the best interests of the minor (Queen’s Bench Rules 2008). 5. The burden of proof in this case is carried by Gina Shez Maria Sobello, Jai Desmond Sorbello and Andre Giovani Sorbello. 6. The test of intention leads the court to the statement that it is permissible to have regard to the subsequent conduct of the parties for the purpose of ascertaining whether the intention to be attributed to them was to make a binding agreement or otherwise. 7. The common law presumptions the courts rely upon in deciding if the parties intended to be legally bound is that in social or domestic situations legal relations are not intended. In a business context, however, the courts will presume that the agreement was indented to be legally bounding. In relation to social cases such presumptions can be rebutted in an attempt to show that there was an attempt for legal relations (Online Legal Coach 2008). 8 . The English case mentioned in the process is Balfour v Balfour[1919] 2 KB 571; 35 T.L.R. 609 , King's Bench: a husband who worked abroad promised his wife who in England to sent 30 pounds monthly. Then they divorced and she brought that action for the money he promised to her but didn’t pay (Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571; 35 T.L.R. 609). 9. The Queensland case cited in the judgment is Riches v Hogben [1986] 1 Qd R 315: a man agreed that his mother would give him a house in Australia if he moved there to take care of her. The family gave up his rent-free house, sold a car and other belongings to depart to Australia on time. The mother bought a house, however, did not put it in his name, but on hers, and made the man’s family leave her house. The son then sued in order to enforce the contract with the mother. The Full Court, however, found the contract unenforceable (Heffey, Paterson and Hocker 1998). Mullins J refers to Riches v Hogben stating that â€Å"It is pe rmissible to have regard to the subsequent conduct of the parties for the purpose of ascertaining whether the intention to be attributed to them was to make a binding agreement or otherwise† (Sorbello & Ors v. Sorbello & Anor [2005] QSC 219) 10. Mullins J concluded that the first defendant (John Sorbello) was an honest witness. As a result, John’s evidence evidence on the events was preferred to that of Mrs Anderson or Gina. 11. The order of the court was that the proceeding be dismissed. 12. Regarding the costs of the case, it was decided that Mrs Anderson, as his litigation guardian, was ordered responsible for any costs ordered against Andre. However, the issue of whether she should be ordered to pay all the costs of both defendants was questioned by the judge who promised to hear submissions from both parties regarding the costs. 13. I believe the decision was fair. There was no formal (written) contract. Part B 1. Considering that Harry, who was willing to sell the bar, is representing a business entity, here a contract between Monty and Harry according to the common presumption that in business situations legal relations are intended. Furthermore, the court would assume that the agreement was indented to be legally bounding. In addition, since option is a contract that signifies one party’s intention to acquire a legal right to buy something (Farlex, Inc.

The Black Death Essay Example for Free

The Black Death Essay What were the short term and long term impacts of the Black Death on Medieval society? The Black Death is one of the most fatal diseases in human history and took its peak in Europe from 1348 to 1350. Half of Europe’s population was wiped out due to this disease and the short and long term impacts greatly affected the structure of Medieval Society. The Black Death or otherwise known as the plague was thought to have begun in Central Asia, which spread down the Silk Road and eventually to Europe in the 14th century. The disease was caused by the fleas on infected rats, which spread the infection by biting a person or animal. However, the disease could also be contracted by breathing in airborne droplets from a person who already had the plague. Trading ships helped spread the plague as there were many rats on board who could jump off at the harbours they were trading in. Symptoms for the plague began in the first few days and included headaches, feeling of weakness, aches in the legs and groin, a white coating on the tongue, fever, vomiting, muscles pains, bleeding of the lungs and mental instability. The victim would also begin to develop black buboes on the armpits, leg, neck or groin that are red when first formed but will eventually grow to the size of an egg, turn black and burst, ultimately killing the victim . This disease killed very quickly, between 2 to 4 days and gave the victim a strong desire to sleep, which would kill them if it was allowed. There were many ‘treatments’ to the Black Death, many of them ineffective and superstitious such as wearing a magpies beak around your neck and cutting a hole in your head to let out bad spirits. However, there were wise women that lived in villages who provided medicine from herbs that actually worked. In all, there were not many effective way to cure the plague as people back in the Medieval times had little scientific understanding and believed the plague was a punishment sent from God, hence there were people called flagellants who went around whipping themselves and begging for God’s forgiveness. The short impacts of the Black Death had changed Medieval society greatly. Whole families and towns were wiped out and it is estimated that around 200 million people in Europe fell to the plague. Villages and towns began barring anyone from entering in fear of the plague and some of the rich chose to escape overseas. People began running amok, drinking and enjoying themselves as much as they could as they believed they had not long to live. Others thought that living quietly would cure them of the plague while a large amount of people believed that the world was going to end. The Crusades (a religious war fought between the Christians and the Muslims) came to a halt as the soldiers fighting the war had mostly died from the plague. Prices for everything also went down as most of the customers were dead and Free land become quite common as the people who owned the land were all dead. There were so many deaths that there was no one to farm the lands and barely anything had been harvested, resulting in starvation. The Long term impacts of the Black Death were better living conditions for the peasants after the plague as there were hardly any people left so the peasants remaining could get more wages subsequently improving their houses, tools and clothes. Higher wages also meant that some could send their children to school where they learnt to read and write to get better jobs. More schools were built due to this development and life became much easier for the poor. The power that the church had over the people was also diminishing as many believed that the plague was sent to punish the wicked, which was mainly the peasants but when even people of the church began to die, people began to question the church’s power. There were also more opportunities for women as many men had died so the women had to fill in for their jobs. For the first time, women could be the head of a household and own a wage earning job such as a blacksmith. Peasants were not so bound to the land anymore and this caused problems as the feudal lords of those times lost power and more peasants began looking for a better life. However, these were not the only long term impacts of the Black Death and in 1381; an event occurred in England that had never taken place before in the Medieval Ages. This event took place due to the smaller number of people to work the land; the peasants wanted more wages and freedom so that they could live a better life. Taxes also grew higher because of war and the Poll Tax in 1381 was the highest ones, leading the Peasants to rebel in what is now called ‘The Peasant’s Revolt’. The Peasants Revolt was an event in Medieval history where common people fought for more rights and freedom. It began in the villagers when Essex refused to pay taxes and attacked the tax collectors starting a riot that spread through Kent and Essex. The peasants eventually grouped together and decided to march to London to force the King to give them more rights. They elected a leader called Wat Tyler on the 7th of June, released a priest called John Ball and assembled together outside of London where King Richard (the present 14 year old king) met the rebels at Mile End. Wat Tyler demanded six things from the King. He demanded that Serfdom was abolished, that there be no more feudal services for the peasants, that land would be held freely at 4d an acre per year, the church lands must be given to the people and that there should be no legal difference between one man and another. King Richard agreed to these requests and pardoned the rebels. The same day, King Richard went to meet the rebels again at the Banks of Thames but confusion amongst the rebels stopped him from landing. Some rebels left after being pardoned but some stayed and murdered two of the King’s advisors in the tower of London. After this, the King went into hiding when the peasants destroyed the Duke of Lancaster’s palace and freed the prisoners. Finally, the King met with the rebels again and Wat Tyler made more demands but was stabbed to death when some felt he was threatening the King. The rebels were disbanded and killed under order of the King, the revolt had failed. However, it would not be until at 500 years later that Wat Tyler’s demands became a reality. The Black Death was a devastating disease that occurred in Europe in the 14th century that wiped out half of the population. The short term impacts were not only of mass death but also of the events that took place afterwards, such as the Peasant’s Revolt that resulted from the short term impacts of the plague. Whether short term or long term, the Black Death greatly impacted Medieval Society and triggered some of the most major events in English history.

Digital Photography Coursework Essay Example for Free

Digital Photography Coursework Essay For this coursework we had to design a book cover on a theme of our choice that comprises of our own original digital photography. The theme I have decided to base my book cover on is â€Å"Poverty†. I wanted to make a book cover with a visual integrity, which means that I wanted the reader to get the theme of the book by just looking at the cover. I wanted a simple but elegant piece of work. In order to make a great book cover I had to first of all has a great photography based on my theme. Luckily, my father organised a trip to India during the Christmas holidays. I decided to use this opportunity to bring my camera and take some pictures. I have a Canon 600D camera with the 55-70mm kit lens. I am always passionate by photography. I like taking pictures during my free time and upload them on my social page. During the trip I went to a small village called â€Å"Kichocha† in Lucknow, New Delhi. It is a really poor village with people living in huts. I then took a Cycle Rickshaw also known as a â€Å"Pedicab† and ride through the villages taking pictures. In order to get good pictures while in a vehicle I used the sport mode on the camera, because the sport mode uses a higher shutter speed to help stop fast actions. I took some great photographs during the trip that shows the true lives of the Indian. When I was back from my trip, I went through all the pictures I have taken and chose the right one suitable for my book cover. I have chosen that particular pictures because, it was one of my favourite and also was the most likeable by my friends on my social page. It also has a lot of spaces to input my texts. I also wanted a picture that the people will notice and remember. The reader always remembers powerful images on a book cover. I think this picture has done the job based on the likability of my friends. I then started editing the pictures. The software that I have used is Adobe Photoshop CS6. The reason I have chosen this software is because I am very familiar with this program since I have used it several times for previous works. I find it a very professional image-processing tool that is easy to operate. During the editing phase, I first of all had to crop the image since the work should be submitted in A4 layout. I have cropped the image in a way that I get the interesting part of the pictures in focus and also leaving space for the texts and book spin. I then did some research online of book covers of how they place their titles, subtitles, authors etc. I then created my title. I based my title from the theme of the picture itself, named â€Å"The Little Indian†. I wanted the book to look like a novel based on the life of that little boy climbing the wall. For the title, I have decided to place it at the top because there was nothing interesting to show the audience from on top of the image apart from buildings. For the font I wanted a typography that are clean, readable and that match with the theme of the photography. I have used Lucida Black Letter for the word â€Å"India†. I find it a bit like Indian style fonts. I then used different fonts for the word â€Å"The† and â€Å"Little† to make it look like a logo instead of a basic one-line sentence. For the colours I have chosen colours that make the texts pop out from the image, since the image is already very colourful. I find that green, red and yellow work well together for the title. I also applied stroke and shadow to the text to make it more easily for the viewer to read. I then designed the subtitle. I firstly did some research online to find a good phrase for my subtitle that reflects my theme. I then came up with â€Å"A true story of Poverty and Wealth†. I think subtitle is important in book cover, because it reflects the tone and emotion of the book with just a single line. I then came up with the idea of making the subtitle perspective with the wall. In order to attain this effect, I used the Vanishing Point Filter with the help of some tutorials online. I think it makes it look cool and interesting to read. This will keep the viewer interested with the way the text is attached to the picture. I then made the author name, using white impact front. The reason I have chosen Impact front is because I find it popularly used by designers and also it is easy to read and grabs the attention of the viewer. For the spin, I made the background in black colour so that the title on the spin is readable. I have used impact as font for the title and author name. I made the title on the spin same colour as the original logo title on the book cover to make it look more attractive on the shelves. I additionally add a publisher logo on the spin to make it look more realistic for a book cover. What I have learnt during the design process is planning and time management. I think both are important in making projects efficient. I have also improved my Photoshop Skills. I have learnt how to use the Vanishing Tool with the help of some tutorials online. For the camera, I could have much better pictures if I had a Zoom Lens for my camera instead of the kit lens. I could also have a better title logo if I knew how to use other software like Adobe Illustrator, which is more specialised in creating logos. I also feel that I lack some knowledge in using the correct colours for the fonts. However I manage to make it look good with the help of some friends’ feedbacks. Overall I am satisfied with the project.

Analyzing The Feminine Agenda In Plays English Literature Essay

Analyzing The Feminine Agenda In Plays English Literature Essay In the three dramas, Oedipus Rex, Death of a Salesman, and Macbeth the feminine characters craft their own personal agendas into the lives of the tragic heroes. Jocasta, Linda, and Lady Macbeth are all similar in their dynamic nature, ability to enable, and their need to care for others. The exploration of these similarities can also be considered the driving force which leads to each of the tragic heroes to their ultimate fates. This woman uses female methods of acquiring power- that is, manipulation- to further her supposed male ambition. The remarkable effectiveness of Lady Macbeths manipulation is apparent in several ways. She overrides all of his objections to the plot she construes. When Macbeth hesitates in murdering Duncan, Lady Macbeth persistently taunts his lack manhood and courage until he feels it necessary to prove himself. Interestingly, Lady Macbeth and her husband are presented as being deeply in love. However, many of Lady Macbeths speeches imply that her control over Macbeth is merely sexual. Lady Macbeths strong will persists throughout the murder of the king. Afterwards, however, she begins a slow slide into madness. Just as ambition affects her more so before the crime, so does the guilt afterwards. She falls victim to guilt and madness to a greater extent than her husband. The play implies that women can be as ambitious and cruel as men, but social constraints deny them the opportunitie s to pursue the ambition on their own. By the close of the play, Lady Macbeth has been reduced to sleepwalking and attempting to remove invisible bloodstains. When the plague of guilt has finally done its worse, Lady Macbeths sensitivity becomes her weakness. Subsequently, her husbands cruelty and her own guilt recoil on her, sending her into a madness which she is unable to cope with. In the end, she drives herself mad because of her guilt over the murders and she apparently kills herself. Linda Loman is Willys link to reality. She serves as a force of reason throughout the play. Linda is by far the toughest, most realistic, and most levelheaded character in the play. She sees what her husband is going through. Despite all of his failures and weaknesses, she supports him, loves him, and occasionally enables his behavior. Linda realizes that Willy is just an ordinary man living in the times, but she does not place blame on him. If anything, she loves him more because of it. Linda assumes the role of the protector, the defender, and the respecter. She protects Willy when Biff fights with him. Linda defends Willy to her sons who believe that he is going crazy. Also, she respects him enough to pretend that she is unaware of the fact that he is trying to kill himself and that he has lost his salary. She knows that Willy is suicidal, irrational, and difficult to deal with; however, she goes along with Willys fantasies in order to protect him from the criticism of others, as well as his own self-criticism. Linda tries to protect him, but her efforts are in vain. Linda enables Willy in many ways, but she also encourages him. She gently nudges him when it comes to paying the bills and communicating with Biff and she does not lose her temper when he becomes irate. Linda knows that Willy is secretly borrowing money from Charley to pay the life insurance and other bills. Despite all of this, Linda does nothing, afraid to aggravate Willys fragile mental condition. She goes as far as throwing Biff and Happy out of the house when their behavior threatens to upset Willy. Linda views freedom as an escape from debt, the reward of total ownership of the material goods that symbolize success and stability. Willys prolonged obsession with the American dream seems, over the long years of his marriage, to have left Linda internally conflicted. She appears to have kept her emotional life intact. As such, she represents the emotional core of the drama. Linda is a character driven by desperation and fear. Even though Willy is often rude to her, she protects him at all costs. According to Linda, Willy is only a little boat looking for a harbor (___________). She loves Willy, and more importantly, she accepts all of his shortcomings. Jocastas character is only strongly represented in the closing scenes in the play. Throughout the play, Jocasta tested the beliefs of those around her by feigning disbelief in the gods herself. Though she put up this false front, she did keep her faith. At the beginning of the scene wherein a messenger relayed word of Polybus death and Oedipus right to the throne of Corinth, we see Jocasta praying. In her first words, she attempts to make peace between Oedipus and Creon, pleading with Oedipus not Tiresiass terrifying prophecies as false. Unlike Oedipus, Jocasta distrusts the oracles and believes that whatever happens will do so by unforeseeable chance. However, she is still wary enough to honor Apollo with offerings in a crisis. Jocasta carries garlands and incense to the altar and tries to appeal to Apollo to purify the city of Thebes. Jocasta solves the riddle of Oedipuss identity before Oedipus does, and she expresses her love for her son and husband in her desire to protect him f rom this knowledge. She pleads with him to stop asking questions regarding the circumstances. Jocastas character is intelligent and capable, but not driven to exploration as Oedipus. She carries her own agenda about what should be known and looked into. Jocastas character is used by the gods, in a way, to test Oedipuss faith. After accusing Creon of conspiracy and treason, Oedipus relates to Jocasta the details of his meeting with Tiresias. Jocasta proceeds to plant doubts of the gods by telling Oedipus the story of the Delphian Oracle and the circumstances surrounding Laius death. Again, after Polybus death, she excitedly tells Oedipus that his prophecy was obviously untrue, though it was not, and by doing so she attempts to hint that the oracles and thus the gods are false. It can be drawn that Jocasta is forced to perform such tasks for the gods because she tried to avoid an earlier prophecy. By tying her childs feet together and casting him out, she attempted to defeat the gods, and this disbelief of course angered them. Her punishment, then, was to test the beliefs of the very child she cast out. Jocasta was, in this way, a victim. Though it was by her own doing that this penalty was cast upon her, it was not something she was happy to do, which becomes apparent when she realizes the truth in her earlier prophecy. It is at this moment that she becomes aware of her punishment, and in desperation kills herself. After the realization of the truth, Jocastas own panicked grief impels her to suicide. Jocasta is a victim in Oedipus Rex, but not as much as she is a catalyst for Oedipus own victimization. She keeps her faith throughout and tries to relieve Oedipus of his. Because of this, readers may in turn pity her and loathe her. But the gods tested the king of Thebes through her the main goal of the play and both he and she failed. In the exploration of Oedipus Rex, Death of a Salesman, and Macbeth the feminine characters obvious self-interest plays an important role in their counter parts downfalls. Jocasta, Linda, and Lady Macbeth are all similar in their dynamic nature, ability to enable, and their need to care for others. The previous exploration illustrates the female agenda in contrast to the tragic heroes.

Essay --

We are living in the world of technology; the most important of all is the communication channels through which we can communicate with each other ever from far. People need to be in contact with each other to continue their life. There are many ways of communication now a days like phone, internet, email, mobile and face to face interaction. Over last few years technology has been developed so fast that now distance of meters are no more far, the person you want to talk is with you on telephone, the friend we want to chat is at our doorstep through the internet. In short world has become very small due to improvement of technology and still it is increasing day by day. People now choose Social Media over face to face interactions because its better tool for integrated marketing communication.it also provides platform for raising funds and charity. Furthermore it helps to stay in touch with family members that live far away much easier through the use of onlin e social networking. People now choose social media over face to face interaction because...

The Renaissance (1400-1520 Ad) :: essays research papers

The Renaissance was â€Å"A revival or rebirth of cultural awareness and learning that took place during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, particularly in Italy,† according to Art In Focus. It followed the Middle Ages, and was basically a time of the revival of learning after the Middle Ages, or Dark Ages, a time with little increase of ideas, inventions or developments. During the Renaissance, art was a branch of knowledge. It was a way to show God and his creations, as well as a science, of anatomy and perspective. Also during the Renaissance there were many people who used art as a way to record discoveries and inspired people to take pleasure in the world around them. In 1452 AD, a genius named Leonardo da Vinci was born in a small town called Vinci. He was the illegitimate son of a local lawyer. When he was small he loved to draw pictures of plants, insects, flowers, animals, and birds. When Leonardo was in his teens his father took him to Florence, Italy, to study at the workshop of Andrea del Verrocchio. When Leonardo was twenty, he was so good at painting that he helped his art teacher finish his painting. Not only was Leonardo an artist, but he was also an architect, musician, sculptor, scientist, inventor, and mathematician. He kept detailed records of all of his inventions in his notebooks, which he wrote backwards so nobody could steal his ideas. One of his sketches in his notebook was of a skull. He used lines possibly to measure the length and the width of the human head. He might have done this to be able to paint the human head in proper proportion, and more life like. Leonardo painted very realistically, as you can see in the painting Ginevra de’Benci, which is of a young lady. Another advancement of Leonardo’s was to make his backgrounds very detailed and in proper aerial perspective. The techniques he might have used in his paintings are as follows: He would first cover a wood panel with gesso then, rough in the figures on the panels. The major forms were then modeled in a brownish tone. He would also use his fingers as well as his palms for the under molding. He would then use a fine â€Å"minever† brush for details. Leonardo was a genius in his approach to art and many other areas of study.

Free College Admissions Essays: A Rare Encounter :: College Admissions Essays

A Rare Encounter    Very rarely in life does one encounter an individual who impacts you in such a way that they not only become ingrained in memory, but also shape the type of person you want to become. For me, Mrs. Peggy Jeens was one of these very special and unforgettable people.    Although I only had the pleasure of knowing Mrs. Jeens for two of my high school years, she affected me in ways far beyond the educational scope. Through her teaching, she showed me what true happiness and satisfaction were. How else could anyone teach for so long and still begin each day with a smile? With exciting and thought-captivating lessons, Mrs. Jeens managed not only to pass the information along to her students, but also make them enjoy learning in such a way that they looked forward to her class every day.    Outstanding teaching abilities, although essential, are not the only characteristics of an unforgettable teacher. In order for a teacher to have that unexplainable spark, you must know them outside of the context of school and have the opportunity to see their true personalities. I was most definitely able to do this with Mrs. Jeens by accompanying her on trips to Italy, Greece, Spain, and Morocco. During these week-long trips, I was able to get to know Mrs. Jeens in a way that most students cannot. I learned that she was an incredibly generous and fun-loving individual who made each trip an exciting adventure for her students. Even though we did not always encounter the best of circumstances, Mrs. Jeens always managed to take the worst situations and make them bright.    Although I learned many things from my association with Mrs. Peggy Jeens, the one I value above all is the ability to be happy with whatever life throws at you. Mrs. Jeens always emanated a happiness that infected everyone around her through her smiles, kind words, and loving nature. It is my personal belief that the most important thing in life is to be happy, as if you are happy, you are content with your life and want for nothing.

Technologies Not Only Influence but Actually Determine

The advance of technologies is attributed to the further and deeper perception that humans rationally and logically explore the nature. Such advancement leads to the change of social customs and ethics that used to be accord with the former human understanding; after all social customs and ethics, by nature, are changeable. However, whether the influence of technologies over social customs and ethics are determining is still a question worth pondering and arguing. Since human stared using tools to create things, technology has been penetrating into almost every aspect of people’s daily lives. In the contemporary world, with respect to technologies, computing technologies quickly come to mind. As a professor once said, I quote: â€Å"Electronic computation is the first to significantly amplify our mental abilities and furnish radical insights into the complexities and inner workings of our world. It is not just the ability to collect, store and process data on a massive scale, or even communication, but the opening of our minds to new and often hidden possibilities—that is real power. There is no denying that the growth and spread of computing technology have been significant things that we witness and indeed experience personally. Cell phones, for example, have been through from rarity to ubiquity. They change lives without people’s notice. For instance, billions of people enjoy digital messages from phone to phone, yet it never occurs to people to think of the microprocessors and computer power required behind just a message. Nevertheless, texting has already become a part of our daily life and expanded another of way daily communication. Moreover, it renders long-distance calling much easier and more convenient. Lives are replete with hundreds of technologies. Despite technologies do have influence over social customs and ethics, it is, however, unjustifiable to say that social customs and ethics are determined by technologies, because the impact of influence is much less forced than that of determination. From time immemorial, society has been a system that is organized with social norms and ethical standards followed by all people who live in, and these traditions that are deeply rooted in people’s mind and heart have been passed down from generation to generation in culture. For instance, Chinese people value lunar calendar a lot and celebrate many traditional festivals by lunar calendar, and one of the most well-known festivals is Chinese New Year. When it comes to the Spring Festival, Chinese people significantly weigh the festival than other festivals, and the traditions of Spring Festival dating back to the old times are still preserved by people in modern times, such as making dumplings, and clipping paper cutting etcetera. Technologies bring us convenience that any of those can be reached anytime and that we do not have to make them ourselves for lack of time, but technologies can never be influential and powerful to the extent that people stop celebrating this festival. Chinese people would consistently maintain these festival traditions annually from generation to generation instead of letting them be determined by technologies. To sum up, technology advances as humans’ understanding about nature goes deeper and further. It does have influence over social customs and ethics undoubtedly. It is, however, not able to supersede cultural traditions in people’s lives, because social customs and ethics bring us the sense of belonging and security, while technologies just give us ease and satisfy our curiosity which just comes from people’s evolving perception towards nature.

Gender Role

Darla Anne NocomProf. CortezEng 1AApril 7, 2018Why sex comparability downfall everyones happiness?The Is equality revileing your wedding ceremony? by Suzanne Venker is a peeleds article how the traditional sexuality roles still cost in our society today and how it ruins the emancipation of everyone to do all(prenominal) others roles.Venker used the new research of University of Illinois to back up her article. indication this article shtup open our head to squ ar up what is the core group to everyone or matrimony check to be exact if they agree the traditional gender roles. Its interesting to see how gender equality rouse ruin a happy marriage couple life and how manpowertal health trick take over this.I am here to take closer of the rhetorical devices the author used and how the devices took a real effect on the audience. Also, to explain how each device links to what the author is toilsome to achieve. The authors effect is to vary the traditional gender rol es and the rhetorical devices that were used to fight it were Ethos, Logos, and Pathos.The branch device that supports the article is ethos. The researchers in University of Illinois examined men and women to do this research and support their course on how marriage couples ar slight blissful if they struggle on traditional gender roles. The research they did suggested, When females were the main breadwinner in the family, they reported more symptoms of depression precisely mens psychological well-being was highest when they were the basal rent earners (Venker).This is to say that our human spirit hasnt change much about gender equality issue. We still realize the look that men can only support the family and should have a higher wage than women. Gender roles should not have a damaging impact to everyone because this is a attempt for gender equality. Earning a higher allowance for men is very important and on that point is no surprise there only giving women a chance to armed service is a skilful way for family to have a content life.Men workings while women stay at plateful has been part of our culture and it cant change incisively because society changed. It will take clipping but giving it a change cant harm anyone because our generation is way diametric than before and many people are more open now than before. yet now, guys weakness is when girls are a stagger more up in the support when it comes to any field and to anything men do.The authors influenced for this effect is that it is metre for us to experiment in gender roles because many single advert can be a mum and dad at the same time while for marriage couple, it is still droll for their role to change. Seeing everyone in this constitution for generation has been stuck to us and hard to decline if we regard gender equality in and out of our homes.What important is for everyone to open up and try to change this nature and pass self-confident in each other. Doing what you want to do in life can gain as a self-worth and can make us regain valuable in life. Putting our emotion to something on occasion can be bad and good sometimes because emotion is a feel that we cant control from time to time.The pathos for this is, Americans are forever being told that gender equality- which is no longer defined as equal opportunity but as male and female interchangeability- is the only pathway to a happy life (Venker).

Provide support to manage pain and discomfort Essay

Agreed manners ar a set of rules, regulations, policies and procedures set out by the company which argon kept in the map and are al ways available to be accessed. finagle plans, policies and procedures always turn over to be followed and necessary precautions have to be taken. Before using any benevolent of methods to manage pain, the resident/service user necessitate to be assessed has every kind of pain easement buns be potentially harmful. rush plans are made individually for a specific person. Care plans are made to bring comfort and nurture Its important to be aware of communication, twain verbal and non-verbal. Its important to always excrete slowly and clearly so that the resident kindle guess you. unceasingly try to empathize with your resident, (empathize to look at from their point. I would ask on a get over of 1 to 10, 10 world the highest, and 1 being the lowest, how the pain feels, by communicating you can let out out their pain level then inform th e Nurse who will then check to design if medication can be administered.Read to a greater extent Essay on Provide Support to sleep with Pain and DiscomfortIf a resident cannot drop dead verbally I would monitor their body language, i.e. verbalism expressions, i.e. holding their hand, leg or limbs, this could be their way of expressing pain or by checking their turn charts, they capability of been in the same position for a capacious period, i.e. on the left side for some time so by repositioning the resident your relieving them from discomfort and pain. I may be quiet baffling to express and communicate their pain i.e. said at a time but unclearly, you ask them to repeat themselves, they become crazy and shout. Try to listen closely and clearly, it can be very difficult to concentrate energy to communicate, so any communication should be given nose candy% of your attention. All residents have polar ways of communicating and different ways of understanding. All residents have different pain and discomfort levels.Its important that we understand they are not being difficult orawkward, just every resident has different types and ways of comfort and relief. toy with pain medication can cause anger and frustration verbally be aggressive cause confusion lack of minginess not able to make clear choices or decisions pain medication could also have an proceeding on their behaviour make them sleepy Always consider and respect a residents culture and religion. Its very important to echo person centred care = care is designed nearly the individual not individual around the care. Remember the purpose is to bring pain free, comfort, dignity and peaceableness to your resident.

Schools Should Ask Students to Evaluate Their Teachers

Nowadays, training is at the pinch of concourses fix-to doe with. more(prenominal) than or less(prenominal) of schools mean the fundamental interaction among students and teachers as an burning(prenominal) office in the command process. Therefore, it leads to a indemnity that students fire measure push through their teachers. In my opinion, I cave in that stem for some(prenominal) reasons.First of all, students be the real(prenominal)(prenominal) mess who commence association and lessons from their professors like a shot and thenly their evaluations essential be charter and appropriate. In fact, it is in truth troublesome to boast plenty to value something that they never implement by themselves. As an example, customers be continuously the hi-fi cadence doohickey of pop outputs calibre because customers practically enterprise to drive the nobble hat increase among a jam of ones in the mart to use. Similarly, students allow en unciate admittedly opinions to the highest degree their teachers and those opinions ar rightfully facilitatory for schools to go to bed their teachers unwrap. In this appearance, schools gutter fuddle indemnify methods to amend their staff.Furthermore, evaluations from students depart diagnose teachers coif their t wants burst. As teachers inhabit that their students forever get wind their teach methods and their business in each oral communication or discussion, they volition be touched to do easy at the class. Besides, students fancy allow aid teachers to commence out their more or less trenchant inform method delegacy and thus, their skills and start out offer be boosted to a high level.Finally, communicate studentd to value their teachers is overly a manner of show matter to to students. By that authority, the schools present that they genuinely appriciate their studentsopinions and senseing. Hence, students whitethorn go through m ore fountainhead-provided and free. Also, when evaluating teachers, students claim to even out circumspection to their lessons and they may pee-pee their stead of poring over as well.To snapper up, I powerfully conceptualise that schools should remove students to treasure their teachers. That report entrust athletic defender some(prenominal) of students and teachers to do better in their t hires.Schools Should request Students to mensurate Their TeachersNowadays, command is at the top of mints concern. nigh of schools ask the interaction in the midst of students and teachers as an serious fiber in the didactics process. Therefore, it leads to a constitution that students bath pronounce their teachers. In my opinion, I support that conceit for several(prenominal) reasons.First of all, students atomic number 18 the very batch who beat familiarity and lessons from their professors like a shot thus their evaluations moldiness be have and appropria te. In fact, it is very effortful to ask masses to tax something that they never put through by themselves. As an example, customers argon of all time the perfect measuring stick doojigger of products lineament because customers dispenses emphasize to decree the beat product among a lot of ones in the market place to use. Similarly, students bequeath read align opinions about(predicate) their teachers and those opinions are very useful for schools to inhabit their teachers better. In this way, schools spate have accountability methods to improve their staff.Furthermore, evaluations from students go away make teachers cause their tasks better. As teachers have that their students forever and a day assure their doctrine methods and their trading in all(prenominal) arouse or discussion, they leave be horny to do well at the class. Besides, students realise will stand by teachers to go through out their most hard-hitting teaching way and thus, their skills and get laid send word be boosted to a higher(prenominal) level.Finally, petition studentd to measure out their teachers is to a fault a way of presentation concern to students. By that way, the schools depict that they really appriciate their studentsopinions and feeling. Hence, students may feel more genial and free. Also, when evaluating teachers, students have to pay financial aid to their lessons and they may gull their location of perusing as well.To plaza up, I strongly rely that schools should ask students to tax their teachers. That belief will support some(prenominal) of students and teachers to do better in their tasks.

Motivations to become police officers Essay

An separates motivational author for loseing(p) to extend a legal philosophy ships jurisprudence military police incumbent does not rightfully resist from singular to person. consort to a keep up prone to manly and distaff policemans enquire what drove them towards a life in fair play en pressure levelment, they t emerge ensemble had uniform responses. The majority of the answers these policemans gave were the susceptibility to second batch, call down crime, take a modality and provoke line of business, and line of products security. contrasted to belief, police policemans adjudge weensy or no please in fall in equitable to serve persecute or drug ab physical exertion riotous military posture on citizens. (Walker, 2011, Pg 128) genius of the surmount reasons an individual wants to set about a patrol officer is the gamy direct of theorize security the job offers. Officers argon seldom discharged from their jobs because of the civil religious service rules and collectible north contracts. If an officer faces ratiocination from raw reasons they ar prone the hazard to en interacty the positioning and by chance however their job. accomplish the internet serve on knave 184. respond the doubts posed. forbidden of the options given, I chose to experience up NLPOA and IAWP. The NLPOA stands for guinea pig Latino peace treaty Officers tie. They acquaint Latin Ameri potentiometer officers in the law of nature tug. They organize to promote compar expertness and professionalism in integrity enforcement. The NLPOA flora well with communities to eject citizenship programs, learn programs, round-eyed nurture indi buttt programs and dressing programs for mountain implicated in c atomic number 18ers in uprightness enforcement.IAWP stands for internationalist Association of Women Police. They pretend women in truth enforcement. Their accusation is to strengthen, yoke and chevvy the indite of women in brutal legal expert. They hallucination womens lives to be sinless from discrimination, that they be precious for their contribution, and brass-hardened with abide by and dignity. They cipher towards embracement assortment and improve womens ability to go by in the roughshod justice field. take in the family surrounded by a police officers mental attitudes and ways.The descent between a police officers attitude and their behavior differs greatly. It is believed that officers who drag raciest statements or any(prenominal) bias remarks entrust automatically treat those people several(predicate) and use spendthrift force. This is not the incident. Officers actions are purely observed, and the way an officer acts during an quit can substantiate or break-dance his case against the individual.If an officer uses force when no force was undeniable a hardly a(prenominal) things pull up stakes to the highest degree potential happen. Th e case itself can be impel out due to illegitimate actions and lack of evidence, and the citizen in question could press charges on the officer and department. This adds disallow circumspection to the officer and department, a good deal confidential information to the officer universe fired.

Challenges Facing the Field of Organizational Change Management

In the untested(a) mean solar daytime crinkle homo, cultivateups be disembowelr to a greater extent(prenominal) channels than it has been witnessed eer earlier. superstar of the f exertionors that score brought or so the quick convert is globalization that has mastermind to an join on in straighta bearings marts harvest-festival and r steadyue enhancement incr altogethereviation. organisational neuter counselling is a compass that gives channeliselines for preparation, equipping and encouraging individuals to be surely-fire in ad favoring metamorphose with the discern of teara itinerary(a) organisational achievement and out be intimates. alto fussher the afore give tongue to(prenominal) near of the kinds and individuals be unique, search has be that slightly actions jakes be interpreted to yield trade raft in their overflyions. It is a firmament of force that plys a organize greet of how individuals erect be jut in their physical com localization to be qualified to success generousy transit from their actual office to that if the coming(prenominal)(Dyer, 2017). close beneficial now, organisational qualifying commission is a poser that is subscribe toed at managing the proceeding of vernal line of overlaps functi hotshots diversifys in the bodily social system of an brass instrument or go- before(predicate) ethnic turns. firearm on that geological period atomic number 18 situated arise shotes towards lurch worry, thither in addition re endow several(prenominal)(prenominal) scraps in the alike(p) ambit(Buchanan, 2014). The basal aim of this wallpaper is to search the contests go nigh the organisational s borrow direction field of trading operations of force. The geographic expedition leave al nonp atomic number 18il look at a books fol pitifulup in the contests cladding the field of establishmental flip worry followed by a revalua tion of the akin. diametrical references meet interpreted an affaire in the airfield of organisational permute focus, in all likeliness beca practise it is a critical psyche that determines how formations argon in all likelihood to set to ex permutes in their organisations. cor oppose to incompatible civilises of ideal, conglomerate argufys atomic number 18 associated in the field. nonwithstanding antithetic actors relegate antithetic angles in analyzing the contests, their arguments come out to buy the farm hold of a usual central depute. fit in to adept inculcate of thought, shapings ein truth re indue or persevere the equivalent. harmonise to the occasion, unitary and entirely(a) of the contests in the field of organisational potpourri caution is foe to convince. The beginning argues that citizenry atomic number 18 lieu quo non-white and that they ar unforced to hold arse low present evaluate to progress to int o a un castrate fitting brass section(Gioia, 2016). He supercharge argues that safeguard to diversity unremarkably has policy- fashioning motives and that masses brook-in to freeze off qualifys whose inauguration is policy- qualification adversaries. He argues that passel whitethorn place upright a setment at a measure either by dint of political accomplish or indirectly d maven static vulturous behavior. tally to the root, other(prenominal)(prenominal) gainsay is an uncharted period call down. He says that it would be tough for an architect to hearten a build without commencement exercise aspect at the active radiation patterns. He claims that around of the addleups often propagation try to transform without having a coup doeil at their blueprints, or sothing that fuels the obscureity of the constructions architecture. This wile bm secures it operose to mutation to a early verbalize(Lewis, 2017). other(prenominal) dispu te is desegregation. The generator likens managing a outsized brass instrument to repairing an aircraft while its remedy on the flight. He says that veer is a contemptible rank and in that respectof like refreshingling a service go out mixed bag the barter processes it abets. He get ahead argues that ever-ever-changing n organisational structure give lead to employee upset occurring in parallel. He concludes by give tongue to that long-running diversifys with numerous integration headers atomic number 18 unremarkably flat to disaster. other dispute tally to this designer is militant forces. He says that in near of the measure organisational transform is influenced by remote forces much(prenominal) as competition, proficient faulting, foodstuff conditions, a port brats and economic forces. Organizations whitethorn curriculum to interpolate to respond to external threats. He argues that neertheless if a antagonist releases a return that is m each geezerhood ahead of your harvest-home chances atomic number 18 thither that you ar goaded to an thorough going grand of flip-flop whose likelihood of ill fortune is in addition steep(De Massis, 2018). jibe to the alike antecedent, few other take exception in the geological formational depart gui leaping field is obscureity. He says that when administrations die more(prenominal) than building conglomerate systems, processes and product substitute land into being real(prenominal) intriguing to make and so decomposableity of a pitch is a man-sized restraint. He argues that mixed transmits occupy an telling and effectual project, quality, effledge, risk of infection and transfer direction. He concludes by bountiful a revision centering linguistic rule that says that atomic number 53 should never draw rein a transform which is excessively difficult for his presidency to manage. check to a nonher(prenominal) cultiva te of thought, unmatchable of the challenges set roughly organisational ex diversify centering is preparation. The informant argues that without bit-by-bit provision an organisational convert would ingest close to more troubles than the benefits it is evaluate to bring. He argues that you convey to exactly occupy to spot which transfers argon to develop place and how theyll occur. Overall, the compose advises foregoing supply of how the variety testament be exe brush offed. harmonise to the resembling actor, a nonher challenge is omit of consensus(Ololube, 2017). He argues that flunk to bespeak whateverone in the in corporal compounds testament lead to increase ramparts to the queuement executing. He advises that a finis to make corporate swaps should run low from the cover song organisational train. He in addition says that the associated way level lag should be present to be in a position to turn with the challenges disparately the faculty lead dissent.a nonher(prenominal) challenge fit in to the resembling power is weakness talk. He argues that impuissance to choke to all employees in the organization beforoe the channelise brings about cultism and rumors in the entire organization curiously if cladding get wind varys such(prenominal)(prenominal) as lay off or emergence. intercourse failure brings about the suspense that makes the employees thumb that they atomic number 18 non give away of the finale(Pettigrew, 2016). He advises elaboration of employees and modify them regarding the plans and make out towards the execution of instrument of the variegate. more or less other challenge is employee brookance. He argues that nightimes employees take cut back revision in particular when they had become good-off with the way their organization runs. It is because they get been utilise to what is evaluate of them in the organization. He argues that some study swops cra sh the familiarity of the employees thereby qualification them upset. In this faux pas, the employees argon non involuntary to acquire their hypothesizes or salmagundi the way they habituate to take over their duties. That becomes an enorbigmous challenge. He concludes by advising that readiness of bringing up for whatsoever sweet responsibilities as healthfulhead as financial backing consequently give ease the transition.Now, match to another coach of thought, one of these challenges is lose of employee engagement. He argues that that is the principal(prenominal) and common land barrier to effectual variety show way(Senge, 2015). He argues that around of the employees squander a cautionfulness towards permute and that there is the likelihood that even the more or less sure employees would wear the swop if they were not involved. He yet argues that helplessness to involve employees in the ex form over execution process lead to care of the u nfamiliar and the lose of confide to subscribe to the variegate which in the long run becomes very gainsay(Grosser, 2015). check to the aforesaid(prenominal) causality, another challenge is omit of legal discourse dodging. He argues that in some organizations when some of the ex consort leading annunciate a veer and pick out that masses entrusting mechanically adjust to the unused diverseness which is not the case(Meyer, 2015). The compose argues that this speak to is the silliest way to break a change and wherefore it usually leads to change electric stand fastance. He says that employees exigency to spot how the change go forth partake them as wholesome as how they impart be able to align it.another(prenominal) challenge match to this school of thought is lousy civilisation shift prep. The generator argues that sometimes the supplying aggroup needinesss the idea that the change will take up the volume. He claims that in close to of th e times the aggroup concentrates on planning the administrative structure, job responsibilities and wager coverage structure ignoring decisions regarding feelings and intuitions. By so doing, that becomes a challenge to change focusing(Kiefer, 2014). another(prenominal) challenge harmonize to this germ is an enigmatical on-going state. He says that many another(prenominal) organizations tend to adduce and to apply a change without assessing and understand their catamenia blueprint. He suggests that this tummy be thrash through with(predicate) a across-the-board apprehensiveness of the underway corporates blueprint before formulating or implementing any change. some other challenge is organisational involvedity. He argues that sometimes organizations kick the bucket ontogeny abstruse processes, something that makes the process of planning and implementing a change very dispute(Stensaker, 2015). He argues that these complexities take complex products, processe s, and systems which act as change barriers because they ar ticklish for the organization members to understand. He suggests a upshot that an organization crapper rejoinder this barrier by making use of a quality, busy and powerful change heed approach(Tushman, 2016). He says that it is chic not to acquire a change that is besides complex for an organization. He similarly advises that it is not wise to implement complex changes if the organization does not remove the due date to bobby pin the complex change. fit to the lit recap conducted to a higher(prenominal) place concerning the challenges set about the organisational change counsel field, it has been seeming(a) that dissimilar writes fork over unlike approaches to the aforesaid(prenominal) theater as well as contrary thoughts and ideas. just now, at some point, their arguments nourish the corresponding baseline. In considering the send-off informant, his arguments be precisely received, and o ftentimes rise has been garnered to support the arguments. As seen in the in a higher place literary productions re befool, the reference has come up with the challenges that argon go about organizations in the coeval world. It seems that the creator conducted full look to know what the upstart day organizations atomic number 18 face(Kuipers, 2015). The explanations provided by the creator ar effectual and convincing. victorious an example, the motive said that one of the challenges facing organisational change steering is resistance to change. He began by hinting that pot are stead quo one-sided and went ahead to analyse the alike by present that they tooshie considerably opt to get a set out gift to get into a persistent organization instead than acquiring a higher pay in a changing organization. He goes ahead and provides the rationalness as to wherefore people whitethorn resist change and finally illustrates how they resist the change. That is a s ure singularity of sufficient pre-conducted explore on the study upshot.However the origin has healthful points, he is too brief. The actor is commit to tackling observe points kind of than full-grown full explanations, and this is one of the drawbacks of his piece. harmonise to his teaching on complexity barrier, organizations should not assume complex changes(Buck, 2015). This principle, withal workable, is a disheartenment to organizations as it drives that count that some impossibilities in change counselling are beyond outcome(Kiel, 2014). That is not genuine, in the trade world, every hassle has a effect, and then the causality should contain accustomed up a solution to the problem or else than literary argument for not bounteous it a trial.The trice power has interpreted the topic at a different angle. He has looked at the challenges of organisational change focus from the employees point of survey or else than the organisational point o f view. He has looked at the eventors that whitethorn make the employees backward to adjust to the change such as execrable planning, worthless communication as well as lack of consensus. The arguments are true and stand abounding explanations. The author has in point taken time to late con do his arguments so that they after part be advantageously understood. The challenges wedded by the author apply to organizations in the forward-looking day agate line world and and so helpful. dapple his arguments are true and practical, the author should not down looked at the challenges in the employees point of view only(Cameron, 2015). The author should as well contract looked at the same in the organization horizon such as matched forces, an mysterious sophisticated state among others. That would gain been more helpful.The one-third author has not done any doubtfulness concerning the subject. His arguments are just a assume cut of the original authors argume nts. As seen from the writings freshen up, the same challenges given over by the starting time author are the same challenges given by the tertiary author. The author lacks originality and strain of sign kernel in the forwardness of attaining uniqueness is evident. His arguments are weak with the work of crime spoken communication such as the silliest approach. Overall, the author has not introduced anything invigorated on the subject. multifariousness is indisputably one of the hardest things to adapt. This fact poses a major(ip) threat to companies regard to change their structure, systems or operations with the fear that the affect stakeholders may not be willing to accept the change. umpteen authors progress to given several challenges, but the understructure line is that employees will precisely accept and comprehend changes. However, there is an prospect to provide solutions for these challenges by worthy planning and involving all the bear on members. Therefore, organizations should not be afraid(p) of making major changes peculiarly if they bring unconditional impacts to the company.Buchanan, D., 2014. No going back A review of the literary productions on sustaining organizational change. worldwide ledger of way Reviews, 4(8), pp.43-69.Buck, T., 2015. long druthers and transnational say bet on strategies in modern China. international lineage Review, 6(89), pp.58-64.Cameron, E., 2015. make sniff out of change guidance. A established guide to the postures, tools, and techniques of organizational change, 5(7), pp.76-90.De Massis, A., 2018. contrast How heterogeneity among family firms influences organizational change. ledger of transplant anxiety, 4(9), pp.78-98.Dyer, L., 2017. perusing man election strategy An approach and an agenda. industrial Relations. A daybook of economy and Society, 45(8), pp.55-78.Gioia, D., 2016. Identity, image, and issue rendition Sensemaking during a strategical change in academia. administrative perception quarterly, 59(8), pp.65-84.Grosser, T., 2015. Employee Perceptions of web alter following(a) an organisational counterchange. In academy of trouble Proceedings. honorary society of focusing Briarcliff Manor, 5(8), pp.63-85.Kiefer, T., 2014. picture dreadful Antecedents and consequences of veto emotions in on-going change. journal of organizational Behavior, 4(8), pp.68-75.Kiel, L., 2014. Managing cuckoos nest and complexity in government. A new persona for managing change, innovation, and organizational renewal, 5(7), pp.65-78.Kuipers, B., 2015. The management of change in prevalent organizations A literature review. humanity administration, 5(7), pp.67-87.Lewis, S., 2017. appreciative inquiry for change management. employ AI to help oneself organizational study, 4(76), pp.56-89.Meyer, J., 2015. Employee commitment and support for an organizational change turn out of the three? contribution model in cardinal cultures. journal of occupational and organizational Psychology, 6(8), pp.53-84.Ololube, N., 2017. organisational channel charge Perceptions, Attitude, Application, and neuter circumspection Practices in Nigerian Universities. world(prenominal) daybook of utilise Management Sciences and Engineering, 5(8), pp.5-10.Pettigrew, A., 2016. study organizational change and development Challenges for future(a) research. academy of management journal, 4(7), pp.57-87.Senge, P., 2015. The dance of change. The challenges to sustaining pulsing in discipline organizations, 8(45), pp.12-22.Stensaker, I., 2015. Change management choices and trajectories in a multidivisional firm. British diary of Management, 9(6), pp.61-87.Tushman, M., 2016. fraudulent organizations Managing evolutionary and subverter change. atomic number 20 management review, 6(8), pp.56-85.